Distillation

Definition: the separation of the constituents of a mixture including a liquid by partial vaporization of the mixture and separate collection of the vapor.  Such separation may include:

·       The separation of one liquid from non volatile impurities.

·       The separation of one liquid from one or more other liquids. With which it may be miscible, partial miscible or immiscible.

Distinguish between three processes (distillation, evaporation and

drying)

·       Distillation: being the operation when the condensed vapour is required

·       Evaporation: when the concentrated liquid residue is needed

·       Drying: the dried residue as product.

Simple distillation:

The purification of many organic liquids is carried out by the distillation process and it is necessary to use only a simple apparatus with a boiler and a condenser.

Preparation of purified water and water for injection by distillation. (BP)

Distillation unit for purified water