Bicarbonate +
mucous→Gel-like layer protecting the mucosa from the gastric juice.
Control of acid secretion:
1-Gastrin: peptide hormone synthesized in endocrine cells of
stomach and duodenum. It stimulates acid secretion and blocked by Proglumide.
Excessive gastrin
secretin resulted from tumors of gastrin-secreting cells(Gastrinomas=
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (ZES)
2-Acetylcholine: it increased acid
secretion by stimulation muscrinic receptor on parietal cells(M3).
Peptic and duodenal ulcer:
This disease occurs
either in the stomach or in the duodenum. The etiology of the disease is
unknown, but there are two main factors important for its production:
1-Excessive acid &
pepsin secretion and/or
2-Decreased mucosal
resistance to attack by acid and pepsin.
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